In this Section
we present the budget for this project in several different formats.
First, we present an Overall Budget Summary (Table
VI-I). We have assumed that this project will start at the
end of 1999. Obviously, the budget will need to be modified if
this is not correct. The time scale is based on the U.S. government
fiscal year (i.e., 1999 budget entries cover the year starting
October 1, 1998).
The remainder of Table VI-I, which is included for information purposes only, lists the names of PI's submitting proposals who are:
All of the scientists now associated with this project are
grouped by which science team they are involved in. The scientists
with names that are underlined are seeking funding from NSF and
have submitted separate proposals requesting the amounts indicated.
We list the amounts shown so that it is possible to indicate the
total cost being requested from NSF as a function of activity
and time. We are assuming that NSF will institute an appropriate
review procedure for these proposals and appropriate funding levels
will be established for the approved projects. It was not our
role (as overall project coordinators) to review, critique or
negotiate the budgets requests of the individual PI's. Thus, our
listing of the amounts they have requested is not intended to
suggest either our support or approval.
The scientists with names that are not underlined are requesting
funding from sources other than the NSF. This includes scientists
from the USGS and those requesting funds from foreign countries.
We have made no attempt to synthesize the latter costs, as budget
procedures are so diverse for the different countries involved.
Table VI-III is a summary of funds
requested by USGS scientists. While it is clear that the great
majority of funds are being requested from NSF, significant funding
has been requested from the USGS, foreign governments and ICDP.
The only costs which are not listed are:
A breakdown of the major cost items in Table
VI-I is as follows:
Drilling and Rig-Related Costs. As mentioned above, we
are submitting to NSF under separate cover a detailed drilling
plan (entitled "San Andreas Fault Zone Drilling Project:
Drilling Program and Cost Estimates") that was prepared by
Mr. Louis Capuano of Thermasource, Inc. This plan breaks down
the individual time and cost estimates for all activities involving
the drill rig. These include drilling and spot coring (and stand-by
time during logging and downhole measurements, casing and cementing,
packer testing, etc.), services (such as mud logging, directional
drilling and coring subcontractors), supplies (bits, mud, casing,
cement, etc.), on-site facilities (trailers, water, communications,
etc.) and drilling management and technical personnel. A quotation
from Mr. Capuano which summarizes these costs is included in Appendix
A along with an explanation of the time estimates associated with
the different phases of the project.
The total cost for the drilling phase of the experiment is $10,665,000 (inclusive of the scientific experiments that require the drill rig). We have budgeted these costs over fiscal years 1999 and 2000 assuming that drilling would begin in late summer of 1999 and then proceed for 4 months. The total cost for the coring phase of the experiment is $2,801,000 which is budgeted in fiscal year 2002, to allow for the two year fault zone monitoring phase discussed previously. A contingency budget of ~10% of the intangible costs (which are essentially all of the costs except for casing, bits, etc.) is included to allow for added rig time for dealing with the problems that will likely be encountered during drilling through an active fault zone. Further, if one were to compare the amounts of time estimated to carry out this phase of the work plan, it would be clear that conservative assumptions were used wherever possible to estimate the amount of time necessary to carry out a given activity (Appendix A). In this way, we believe that-unless unforeseen difficulties makes drilling extraordinarily difficult-sufficient time has been allocated to allow the project to be carried out for the funding requested. As mentioned in Section V, there is a contingency rotary drilling plan that involves running an extra casing string and reducing hole size. As explained in the detailed Drilling Report, utilizing the contingency plan is essentially cost-neutral with respect to the planned program.
Downhole Measurements. Aside from drilling, the largest operational cost of this project is that associated with downhole measurements. These costs include:
Monitoring Instrumentation. Also included in the total project cost is that associated with construction of an 80-level seismic instrumentation string ($642,521). This instrumentation string will be deployed via coil tubing during the fault zone monitoring phase. The instrumentation will be designed to both monitor earthquakes in the near-field (and withstand extremely strong ground motions) and record surface shots associated with the fault zone characterization studies to be carried out during the fault zone monitoring period. The seismometers and accelerometers of the array will be hydraulically clamped to the borehole wall utilizing pressure supplied from the surface. The output of this array will be interfaced to the USGS seismic recording system already operating in the region for telemetry and permanent recording. Thus, the only funds requested are for construction of the downhole measurement string. A proposal for constructing this instrumentation string is included in Appendix B.
20-Year Lease. The final significant operational cost is that associated with a 20-year lease on a 3-acre area surrounding the drillsite. This lease was negotiated by Tom Burdette of the USGS with whom the landowner, Kevin D. Kester, has dealt in the past on other permitting issues. If the drilling project goes ahead, the sum due Mr. Kester is $152,000 (paid over the first two years of drilling). A copy of the lease is also included in Appendix B.
Stanford Budget
Table VI-II (and the associated official
NSF budget forms) represent the Stanford University budget and
lists the total amount requested in this "master" proposal,
$16,738,374 over a 6-year period. While these costs are essentially
the same as those listed on the upper part of Table
VI-I, they are broken down in detail in Table VI-II.
Budget Justification - Stanford University
In support of the project, Stanford University will be sharing in the costs associated with Dr. Zoback's effort, and will provide an additional two months academic year salary in addition to the summer salary we have requested from the NSF for the duration of the project.
All personnel effort and expenses charged to this project will be for services specific to the project and not for the general support of the faculty or the academic activities of any University Department. In additional, all effort charged to this project can be specifically identified through an effort reporting system that is reflected on a personnel action form or via the lab timecard system.
The indirect cost and fringe benefits included in the budget are those most recently negotiated with the Office of Naval Research, and are the rates appropriate to use for the time frame proposed. Stanford University's current negotiated indirect cost rate for a research project of this nature is 55%. This rate will be charged to the modified total direct cost base, which excludes subcontracts in excess of $25,000, tuition, and equipment costing more than $500 with a useful life in excess of 2 years.
A 4% cost of living increase was assumed for all salaries according to guidelines approved by Stanford University and was also applied to other categories, as appropriate.
Personnel. As one of the three Principal Investigators, Mark Zoback will share responsibility for all aspects of the project. He will insure that research goals are met in a timely manner, with scientific integrity and completed within budgeted amounts. He will insure that project activities and expenditures are in compliance with Stanford University and National Science Foundation policy. His effort associated with this project will be 3 person months in project years one, three, five and six, and 4 person months in years two and four. As previously mentioned, Stanford University will provide funds for two person months per year.
The Graduate Student Assistants will be under the supervision of the principal investigator. The Graduate Assistants will assist with experiments related to in situ stress determination and study of fractures and faults observed in wellbore image logs and core, and to assist the Principal Investigator with other aspects of the research.
The Administrative Associate will provide necessary services to this project's staff, particularly the principal investigators, as this project's logistics involve multiple sites and coordination with international collaborators. This associate will be responsible for distributing data to all collaborating sites and coordinating conference calls and will focus on assisting the principal investigator with the management of the budget. The effort for this position can be specifically identified through an effort reporting system that is reflected on the lab timecard system. This effort will confined to the needs of this research project and will not include any support for the general academic activities of the faculty or the department.
The fringe benefit rate associated with the principal investigator and other staff will be 25.3%. The graduate assistants salary does not bear a fringe benefit rate, however, the graduate students will earn tuition remission, in accordance with Stanford policy. Research Assistants at Stanford University earn 62% of full tuition for a 50% research assistantship. As a result of recent changes in A-21, this tuition can no longer be charged to Stanford's fringe benefit pool, and must be charged directly to project budgets. Stanford policy dictates that 40% of this expense be charged to the project, with the remaining 22% provided by the University.
Equipment. We have requested funds for the purchase of a computer, modem and printer for the project site. This computer will be necessary for the research, communication and data analysis associated with the project.
Travel. It is anticipated that the PI will need to travel to Washington on at least three occasions to consult with officials at the National Science Foundation, the USGS and other federal agencies as needed. Additional travel expenses are those associated with travel to the drill site, and include reimbursement for mileage expenses.
Other. Expenses also include long-distance phone calls to the program officer in Washington, the collaborating international institutions, and the subcontractors. Based on previous experience with a project of this size and nature, we anticipate that $100-150/month should be adequate to cover this expense. A telephone for the project use will be installed at the drill site, and multiple lines will be necessary in order to accommodate the telephone, fax and computers. We have requested funds for these installation and use charges. Additional start-up expenses to establish the research site will include the purchase of a copying machine and fax machine.
Project management expenses have been included in order to accommodate the unanticipated expenses associated with a project of this size. Such expenses are expected to include the cost of equipment repairs, software upgrades, consultant expenses, additional meeting expenses and other unanticipated items.
Funds are requested for expenses associated with the annual sub-group meetings that will be held in conjunction with the Fall AGU meeting over the course of the project.
Computer lab expenses are those associated with operation of desk-top computers, printers, plotters and other peripheral devices used for analysis of wellbore data being utilized by Zoback and his students.
Minor equipment (less than $500 per unit). While it is difficult to anticipate the project's specific needs for minor equipment in future years, an estimated amount is included for the likely need of such equipment. This may include items such as calculators, minor equipment parts, and other research-related items.
Publication funds are included for page charges and printing expenses.
Subcontracts. Subcontracts will be issued to cover the costs for drilling, logging and logging-while-drilling and construction of the monitoring string. Indirect costs will be charged to the first $25,000 of each subcontract.